To test devices launching on Android 8 or 8. In earlier versions of Android, devices implementing Keymaster 3 or lower were required to verify that the version info ro. Such information was typically obtained from the boot image header. In Android 9 and higher, this requirement has changed to enable vendors to boot a GSI. Specifically, Keymaster shouldn't perform verification because the version info reported by the GSI may not match the version info reported by vendor's bootloader.
For devices implementing Keymaster 3 or lower, vendors must modify the Keymaster implementation to skip verification or upgrade to Keymaster 4. For details on Keymaster, refer to Hardware-backed Keystore. Devices upgrading to Android 10 have different upgrade paths depending on the version of vendor binaries in use on the device and the VNDK-related configurations used to build the device.
The following table summarizes the legacy GSI support for upgraded devices. The most common supported use case is 2, where the legacy GSIs support devices running Android 8. The case 1 isn't supported. These devices can't be supported because their vendor binaries depend on Android 8.
To make these devices compatible with a legacy GSI, you must do one of the following:. If the GSI type for your hardware platform is unavailable for download, refer to the following section for details on building GSIs for specific targets. Use the build target tables below to determine the correct GSI version for your device.
After the build completes, the GSI is the system image that is, system. The build also outputs vbmeta. The following GSI build targets are for devices launching on Android 9 or higher. Due to a reduction in variances between architectures, Android 10 includes only four GSI products.
The following legacy GSI build targets are for devices upgrading from Android 8. Android devices can have different designs, so there is no generic command or set of instructions for flashing a GSI to apply to all devices.
Check with the manufacturer of the Android device for explicit flashing instructions. Use the following steps as a general guideline:. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. The Overflow Blog. Podcast Who is building clouds for the independent developer? Exploding turkeys and how not to thaw your frozen bird: Top turkey questions Featured on Meta. Now live: A fully responsive profile.
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